There are three basic principles for making sound decisions:
1. Get the facts before answering. Be informed - and not ignorant.
2. Be open to new ideas. Think outside the box. Don't allow status quo to be your guide.
3. Make sure you hear both sides (or all sides) of the story before judging or reaching any conclusion. Remember that perspectives are human - and therefore flawed.
These three principles all center around seeking additional information - which is hard work.
The only alternative, however, is prejudice - which is simply judging, making decisions or drawing conclusions ... without the facts.